13 Jul, 2010 in Health and Pharmacy News by admin

Premature Birth Rate Is Dropping


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Study As well as Shows a Decline in the Birth Rate for Teenagers

By
Bill Hendrick
WebMD Health News

Reviewed By
Louise Chang, MD

July 9, 2010 — The rate of premature births has dropped slightly for the subordinate year in a row, according to a recent federal report.

What is more, the rate of births to teens as well as has declined, the study shows.

The report, “America’s Kids in Brief: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2010,” finds that in the period 2007-2008:

  • The percentage of infants born preterm (before 37 weeks) dropped from 12.7% to 12.3%.
  • Teen girls are having fewer babies. Births to adolescents dropped from 22.2 per 1,000 girls to 21.7.
  • The rate of kids 17 years as well as under covered by health insurance at some time during the year rose from 89% to 90%.
  • The percentage of kids 17 as well as under who are existing with at least one parent employed full-time dropped from 77% to 75%.
  • The percentage of kids 17 as well as under existing in “food insecure” homes rose from 17% to 22%, the highest prevalence since monitoring began. The report defines “food security” as having access at all times to enough food for all family members to lead active, wholesome lives.

“The decline in preterm births is encouraging,” Alan E. Guttmacher, MD, acting director of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health as well as Development, says in a news release. “Preterm infants are at higher risk for death in the earliest year of life, for humorless illness in infancy, as well as in later life, for obesity as well as its associated complications.”

Edward Sondik, PhD, director of the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics, says in the alike news release that the decline in births to teens is significant because it occurred after two years of increases.

Reading as well as Math Improvements

The report as well as shows improvements in children’s education, including higher reading as well as math scores for eighth graders. In the period from 2007 to 2009:

  • Eighth graders’ average mathematics scores increased from 281 to 283 on one scale of measurement, while fourth graders’ scores were level after rising for a number of years.
  • Eighth graders’ average reading scores as well as increased, from 263 to 264, while scores of fourth graders did not change.
  • From 2008 to 2009, the percentage of teens 16-19 who were neither enrolled in school nor working increased from 8% to 9%. Not light as well as Hispanic immature people were more likely to be in that situation than pale teens.

Guttmacher said in a telephone news briefing that the federal report presents 40 indicators of child well-being, including family as well as social environment, economic circumstances, health care, material environment as well as safety, behavior, education, as well as health.

He says the drop in preterm births was mostly in later pregnancy — those that occur at 34-36 weeks of gestation.

He says it’s unclear why the rate of preterm births dropped, but that this matter is being investigated with a view toward further reducing the preterm birth rate.

Sondik says the decline in preterm births was seen in each of the three largest racial as well as ethnic groups, as well as that though tiny, “even a slight decrease in preterm birth is positive.”

Despite improvements, but, he says about 136,000 babies were born to mothers 15-27 in 2008.

Unmarried Mothers

The research as well as sheds light on trends for unmarried mothers:

  • Kids born to single mothers are at a higher risk for adverse consequences, such as being born at a abridged birth weight as well as existing in poverty.
  • 41% of all births in 2008 were to unmarried mothers, up from 40% in 2007 as well as more than double the percentage of 30 years ago.
  • Though the number as well as percentage of all births to unmarried women possess increased, the birth rate among unmarried women 15-44 decreased from 53 births for every 1,000 unmarried women in 2007 to 52 in 2008. The decrease is attributable to the fact that the total number of unmarried women in that age range increased.
  • 9% of kids under 18 in 2008 had asthma, unchanged from 2007.
  • During 2007-2008, 19% of kids 6-17 were obese, about the alike as the 2005-2006 period.
  • In 2008, some 69% of recent high school grads had enrolled in college the fall after getting their diplomas, considerably higher than 49% in 1980.
  • The percentage of kids 5-11 years aged with untreated dental cavities declined from 27% in 1999-2004 to 20% in 2005-2008.
  • For youths 12-17 years aged, the percentage with untreated dental cavities declined from 19% to 12% in the alike two time periods.

“Looking at the data by income status for kids in poverty, the percentage with untreated cavities was twice that of kids who lived in families with incomes at or above 200% of the poverty level,” Sondik says. “However, the percentage with untreated cavities declined across the board for all income levels.”

The obesity rate for kids today is triple what it was from 1976 to 1980, Sondik says.

He as well as points out that the percentage of teens who regularly smoke cigarettes is at its lowest level since data collection began in 1980.

In 2009, less than 3% of eighth graders reported smoking cigarettes daily, down from 10% in the mid-1990s. He says 6% of 10th graders smoked in 2009, about a third the rate of the mid-1990s, as well as 11% of 12th graders smoked daily, down from 25% in 1997.

In 2008, the researchers say, 90% of immature adults had a high school diploma or an equivalent credential, up from 84% in 1980.

SOURCES: News release, National Institutes of Health.

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